The Church wanted to stop the nobility’s abuse, but little by little it ended up making the same mistakes. The abuse of power of the feudal lords caused many revolts among the peasants who were often mistreated or sold by their masters. In this sense, the kingdoms were gradually fragmented. The implementation of the feudal system resulted in the King’s central power becoming weaker and weaker in the feuds because the feudal lords made their territories mini states, where the economy was independent of the kingdom and they were the kings of their lands. This system was gradually implemented in Western Europe in the Middle Ages. The monarchies, in order to maintain their spaces of dominion, subdivided their lands into feuds so that, they could be protected and administered by the nobility, who had vassals and soldiers for the conservation and production of the land they occupied. The feudal culture also developed the Romanesque and Gothic architectural style that is still present in some European castles and cathedrals in countries such as France, Spain and Italy.įeudalism originated from the Roman Empire’s fall and the barbarian invasions that generated multiple warlike conflicts for the dominion of territories originated by the Germanic, Slavic, Muslim and Viking peoples. ![]() An example of these study houses is the university of Bologna created in 1088. In the Medieval era, culture was dominated and administered by religious power, only the clergy developed monasteries for the study of the liberal arts (logic, grammar, rhetoric, arithmetic, geometry, music and astronomy) it created universities in Europe and other training courses to study philosophy, literature and theology. ![]() ![]() The peasants’ group consisted of the serfs and villains, who were settlers of the fiefdoms who could work the lands and also practice other professions. The clergy consisted of the high prelates (cardinals, archbishops, and abbots) and the monks and clergy. The warrior nobility was integrated by the King and the great feudal lords who were part of the nobility. These were: the warrior nobility, the clergy and the peasants. The social structure of feudal society was made up of three social groups. Its heyday was between the 12th and 13th centuries. Feudalism in the Middle Agesįeudalism in Europe marked the passage from the end of the Roman Empire to a new form of monarchical government based on land rule and a new era known as the Middle Ages.įeudalism began in Western Europe as a military approach in which feudal lords dispensed justice, administered and protected their territories with armed force, but ended up with tracts of land in the name of a feudal lord, who ended up cultivating his lands and paying for protection for his feuds.įeudalism spread to European countries such as Spain, France, England, Italy, Portugal, among others. This economic-social formation was strengthened with the dissolution of the Roman Empire in the 5th century and the construction of the Germanic kingdoms and the Carolingian Empire between the 8th and 9th centuries. Only the high officials of the Church could clothe the kings and with a crown.įeudalism originated in late Antiquity with the transition from the slave mode of production to the feudal mode of production from the 3rd century onwards.
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